List of countries with multiple capitals

 ( Multiple Capitals ) 

Some countries can be considered to have multiple capital city. In some cases, one city is the capital for some purposes, and one or more others are capital for other purposes, without any being considered an official capital in preference to the others. There are also cases where there is a single legally defined capital, but one or more other cities operate as the seat of government of some or all parts of the national government; in these situations, sources may disagree on whether these other cities are considered additional capital cities.

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More than one capital at present

	Porto-Novo	Official capital
	Cotonou	Seat of government; de facto administrative capital
	Sucre	capital
	La Paz	Seat of government; de facto executive and legislative capital
	Gitega	Official political capital
	Bujumbura	Economic capital (and seat of government )
	Mbabane	Administrative capital
	Lobamba	Legislative capital (parliament) and place of royal residence
	Yamoussoukro	Official capital
	Abidjan	De facto administrative capital
	Kuala Lumpur	Constitutional and legislative capital (parliament), seat of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong
	Putrajaya	Administrative centre and judicial seat; variously referred to as the administrative capital
	Pretoria	Administrative and executive capital
	Bloemfontein	Judicial capital
	Cape Town	Legislative capital (parliament)
	Colombo	Executive, judicial, and commercial capital
	Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte	Legislative capital (parliament)

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More than one capital in the past These countries have had two cities that served as administrative capitals at the same time, for various reasons such as war, weather or partition. In some cases, the second capital is considered a temporary capital.

	1858–1947	Kolkata (a.k.a. Calcutta) (1858–1911)	Administrative capital
		New Delhi (1911–1947)
		Shimla (a.k.a. Simla)	Summer capital
Austria-Hungary	1873–1918	Vienna	Cisleithania
		Budapest	Kingdom of Hungary
	1937–1945	Nanjing (a.k.a. Nanking)	Capital of the Japanese-controlled puppet state
		Chongqing	Provisional capital of the Kuomintang-ruled Republic of China
	1945–1991	Nanjing	Administrative, legislative, and judicial capital (claimed between the 1949 Retreat and the 1992 Consensus)
		Taipei	Provisional capital of the Kuomintang-ruled Republic of China on Taiwan
	1940–1944	De facto administrative capital
		De jure constitutional capital, also capital for the German military administration
	1943–1944	Brindisi (1943–Feb 1944)	De facto provisional capital
		Salerno (Feb–Jun 1944)
		De jure capital until 1944 when it was liberated by the Allies
	1943–1944	De facto capital until 1944 when it became the primary capital
		De jure capital until 1944 when it was liberated by the Allies
	1947–1975	Administrative capital
		Royal capital
	1951–1963	Tripoli	One of two official capitals of the Kingdom of Libya, then Bayda became the capital of Libya from 1963 to 1969
		Benghazi
	1974–1994	Lilongwe	Administrative and judiciary capital
		Zomba	Legislative capital
Netherlands-Indonesia Union	1948–1956	Amsterdam	Kingdom of the Netherlands
		Jakarta	United States of Indonesia
	1940	Official capital
		Temporarily one-day capital that seated the parliament Kongens nei - 9. april
	1962–1971	Rawalpindi (1962–14 August 1967)	Seat of the government
		Islamabad (14 August 1967–1971)
		Legislative capital
	1948–1976	Official capital
		De facto seat of government
	1901–1976	Summer capital (still known as summer capital, outside of political use)
	2003–2006	Administrative and legislative capital
		Judicial capital

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See also

• List of national capitals
• List of purpose-built national capitals

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